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Medieval last names related to doctors11/1/2023 ![]() These ideas and treatments were used until the 19th century, when germ theory was developed in 1861 by Louis Pasteur and later expanded by Robert Koch. Medieval medicine, based on the four humours, encouraged doctors to observe symptoms closely so they could apply what they thought was the most appropriate treatment. If it was thought that someone had too much blood, Galen believed in using a natural treatment such as bloodletting. For example, nosebleeds were seen as the body’s natural way of getting rid of excess blood. When doctors gave treatments, they were attempting to support what the body tried to do itself. For example, if someone has a cold, they have a runny nose, and Galen believed that this was the body’s way of getting rid of excess phlegm. Galen believed that if the humours were out of balance, doctors should intervene. Many treatments were based on the four humours, these treatments applied the ‘theory of opposites’. Hippocrates and Galen encouraged doctors to seek natural treatments. Medieval treatments used a combination of natural and supernatural methods. He also said that the human jaw bone is two separate bones, when it is actually one. He believed that blood passed from one side of the heart to the other through tiny holes in the septum - the dividing wall between the left and right sides of the heart - when blood instead passes around the heart through veins and arteries. Through this work, he discovered that the brain controls speech. Galen’s work on anatomy was based on information gained by dissecting animals such as pigs and monkeys. He developed the theory of opposites, which concerned how people could be treated using the four humours. Galen was a Roman doctor who was born in AD129. It allowed doctors in other countries to learn from his knowledge. The Hippocratic Corpus is a written collection of Hippocrates’ work. He also developed the idea of clinical observation of the patient, rather than just of the illness. Hippocrates encouraged doctors to seek natural causes and cures of illness. The humours were also thought to be linked to the seasons. If the humours were out of balance, this was believed to cause illness. This was the idea that the human body was made up of four substances: blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile. Hippocrates also developed the idea of the four humours. In this oath, doctors promise that they will do their best to treat their patients and keep information confidential. He developed the Hippocratic oath, a version of which is still used today. He is known as the ‘father of modern medicine’. Hippocrates was a doctor who was born in Kos, Greece, in about 460BC. Download Transcript Download Transcript Ancient ideas - the work of Hippocrates
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